18.2 The Standard Exception Hierarchy

The C++ Standard Library implements the two-category error model described in Section 18.1 with a set of classes. These classes, which are defined in the stdexcept header file, can be used to catch exceptions thrown by the library and to throw exceptions from your own code.

The exception handling classes are related through inheritance. The inheritance hierarchy looks like this:

exception
   logic_error
      domain_error
      invalid_argument
      length_error
      out_of_range
   runtime_error
      range_error
      overflow_error 
      underflow_error 

Classes logic_error and runtime_error inherit from class exception. All other exception handling classes inherit from either logic_error or runtime_error.